Substituted pyrrole compounds and use thereof in pharmaceutical compositions

ABSTRACT

The invention concerns substituted pyrrole compounds and their pharmaceutical applications. The compounds of the invention are potent inhibitors of lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase and therefore are suitable to treat the set of rheumatic illnesses and to prevent allergically induced ailments. The compounds have the general formula: ##STR1## where R 1  denotes a C 1  -C 12  alkyl group, R 2  denotes a hydrogen atom or a C 1  -C 12  alkyl group, or R 1  and R 2  together with the carbon atom and the nitrogen atom to which they are bound form a ring of 5 to 8 links which may contain a sulfur heteroatom or a carbonyl group and may be substituted with one or two C 1  -C 4  alkyl groups, 
     each time two of the residues R 3 , R 4  and R 5  independently from one another represent a hydrogen atom, a C 5  -C 8  cycloalkyl group, a C 1  -C 12  alkyl group or an aryl group which may be substituted by one or two residues selected from a halogen atom, a nitro-, a C 1  -C 4  alkoxy-, a hydroxy-, a C 1  -C 4  alkyl- or phenoxy-group, and 
     where the third of the residues R 3 , R 4  and R 5  denotes --CHO, --CO 2  H, --COSC 1  -C 4  -alkyl or A--X, with A being a straight-chain or a branched C 1  -C 8  alkylene group which may be interrupted by an oxygen heteroatom or a carbonyl group or being a C 2  -C 8  alkenylene group, X being CO 2  H, SO 3  H, CHO, OH or SH, 
     as well as their pharmaceutically compatible salts and esters, for pharmaceutical applications.

This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/521,402, filed May 10, 1990, now abandoned.

The invention concerns substituted pyrrole compounds and their applications to pharmacy and to drugs containing these compounds.

It is known that arachidonic acid metabolizes two different ways. In the cyclooxygenase way the cyclo-oxygenase enzyme metabolizes the arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. In the lipoxygenase way, the arachidonic acid affected by the lipoxygenases is metabolized into the so-called leucotrienes.

The prostaglandins take part in the generation of inflammation, fever and pain, whereas the leucotrienes are significant in the generation of asthma, inflammations and allergies. Frequently non-steroidal antiphlogistics such as derivatives of arylacetic-acid, 2-aryl-propionic-acid and anthranilic acid to fight those symptoms. These derivatives inhibit cyclo-oxygenase and thereby prevent the formation of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid. However the use of such derivatives is questionable on account of their side effects. On the other hand, drugs inhibiting lipoxygenase are not commercially available.

Now it was found in surprising manner that certain substituted pyrrole compounds are potent cyclo-oxygenase and/or lipoxygenase inhibitors and therefore are suitable to prevent allergically induced maladies and to treat the set of rheumatic illnesses.

Accordingly the object of the invention are substituted pyrrole compounds of the general formula I ##STR2## where R¹ denotes a C₁ -C₁₂ alkyl group,

R² is a hydrogen atom or a C₁ -C₁₂ alkyl group, or

R¹ and R² together with the carbon atom and the nitrogen atom to which they are bound form a 5- to 8- link ring which also may contain a sulfur heteroatom or a carbonyl group and which where called for may be substituted with one to two C₁ -C₄ alkyl groups,

each time, two of the residues R³, R⁴ and R⁵ independently of each other are a hydrogen atom, a C₅ -C₈ cycloalkyl group, a C₁ -C₁₂ alkyl group or an aryl group which may be substituted by one or two residues selected form a halogen atom, a nitro-, a C₁ -C₄ alkoxy, hydroxy, a C₁ -C₄ alkyl or phenoxy group, and

the third of the residues R³, R⁴ and R⁵ denotes --CHO, --CO₂ H, --COSC₁ -C₄ -alkyl or A--X, with A being a straight chain or branched C₁ -C₈ alkylene group which may be interrupted by a hydrogen heteroatom or a carbonyl group, or a C₂ -C₈ alkenyl group, and with X being CO₂ H, SO₃ H, CHO, OH or SH.

as well as their pharmaceutically compatible salts and esters, for application in pharmacy.

In the present case the pharmaceutically compatible salts may be salts of acid or of base addition. For acid addition salts, inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid are used, or such organic acids as tartaric acid, lactic acid, citric acid, malic acid, mandelic acid, ascorbic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, gluconic acid and the like.

The base salts include the salts of the compounds of formula I with inorganic bases such as sodium or potassium hydroxide or with organic bases such as mono-, di- or tri-ethanolamine.

The esters of the compounds of formula I include in particular physiologically easily hydrolyzed esters such as alkyl-, pivaloyloxymethyl-, acetoxymethyl-, phthalidyl-, indanyl- and methoxymethyl-ester.

The term "alkyl, alkoxy etc." covers straight-chain or branched alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, n- and i-propyl, n-, i- or t-butyl, n-pentyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl etc.

Unless otherwise stated, "alkyl" preferably shall denote C₁ -C₈ alkyl and in particular C₁ -C₆ alkyl.

Preferably aryl shall denote naphthyl and in particular phenyl.

The expression "halogen atom" covers an atom of fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, especially a fluorine or chlorine atom.

The cyclo-alkyl residue preferably denotes a cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl residue.

A preferred embodiment mode are compounds of the formula Ia: ##STR3## where R³, R⁴ and R⁵ are the same as stated above in relation to formula I and where R⁶ and R⁷ independently from one another denote a hydrogen atom or a C₁ -C₄ alkyl group.

Especially preferred compounds of formula Ia are those wherein two of the residues R³, R⁴ and R⁵ denote a phenyl group which is possibly substituted by one or two residues selected from a halogen atom, in particular a fluorine or chlorine atom, from a C₁ -C₄ alkyl-, C₁ -C₄ alkoxy-, hydroxy- and phenoxy-group and where the third residue denotes A--X, with A being a C₂ -C₈ alkylene group or a C₁ -C₈ alkenylene group, and with X being CO₂ H.

In particular AX denotes C₂ -C₆ -alkylene-CO₂ H or C₂ -C₆ -alkenylene--CO₂ H and in an especially preferred instance it stands for (CH₂)₂ CO₂ H, CH₂ CO₂ H or CH═CH CO₂ H.

Preferably R⁶ and R⁷ are in the 2-position of the pyrrolizine structure and in particular they designate both a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

Especially preferred embodiment modes are the compounds of the formulas ##STR4## where R⁶ and R⁷ denote a hydrogen atom or a C₁ -C₄ alkyl group and R³ and R⁴ denote a phenyl group which may be substituted by one or two residues which are selected from a halogen atom, a nitro-, C₁ -C₄ alkoxy-, C₁ -C₄ alkyl- or a phenoxy-group. A--X has the same meaning as above in relation to the formula I.

Preferably the substituents of the phenyl group are selected from a halogen atom, in particular a fluorine or chlorine atom, from a C₁ -C₄ alkyl-, C₁ -C₄ alkoxy- and phenoxy-group. Preferably the substituents shall be in the m- and/or in the p-position.

Preferably A denotes a C₂ -C₈ alkylene group or a C₁ -C₈ alkenylene group in particular, or a C₂ -C₆ alkylene- or C₂ -C₆ alkenylene group and X preferably denotes CO₂ H.

Another embodiment mode are the compounds of formula I

where R¹ and R² independently of one another denote a C₁ -C₁₂ group, with two of the residues R³, R⁴ and R⁵ being a phenyl group possibly substituted by one or two residues selected from a halogen atom, a C₁ -C₄ alkyl-, C₁ -C₄ alkoxy-, hydroxy- and phenoxy-group, and

where the third of the residues R³, R⁴ and R⁵ is a hydrogen atom or A--X, with A being a C₁ -C₆ alkylene- or a C₂ -C₆ alkenylene-group and X being CO₂ H or SO₃ H.

R¹ preferably is a C₁ -C₈ alkyl group, in particular a C₁ -C₆ alkyl group and especially preferred a C₄ -C₆ alkyl group.

R² preferably is a C₁ -C₄ alkyl group and especially a methyl group.

R³ and R⁴ on one hand and R⁴ and R⁵ on the other preferably are a phenyl group and R⁵ and R³ resp. are A--X, with A being preferably a C₁ -C₄ alkylene group or a C₂ -C₆ alkenylene group. Especially preferred compounds are:

(2,2-dimethyl-6,7-diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-5-yl)-acetic acid, and

3-(2,2-dimethyl-6-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-5-yl) propionic acid.

Further the invention concerns the compounds of the general formula I and also the corresponding above stated preferred embodiment modes per se, where R¹ and R² together denote a 5 to 8 link ring possibly containing a sulfur hetero-atom or a carbonyl group and further possibly substituted with one to two C₁ -C₄ alkyl group, and where R³, R⁴ and R⁵ assume the above meanings but with A being a straight-chain or a branched C₃ -C₈ alkylene group which may be interrupted by an oxygen atom or a carbonyl group, or denoting a straight-chain or a branched C₃ -C₈ alkenyl group, or

where R¹ through R⁵ assume the meanings stated in claim 4.

Synthesis of the compounds of formula I where R¹ and R² together form a 5 to 8 link ring, takes place in a first step described by the equation (1) below: ##STR5##

This synthesizing step is elucidated together with the following ones by means of the illustrative diphenyl-substituted pyrrolizine compounds. The first reaction stage is explained in further detail below: ##STR6##

The conditions of reaction are known and described in CHEMIKER-ZEITUNG, 110, (1968) #7/8, pp 267, 271 and in ARCH. PHARM. 321, pp 159-162 (1988).

In a second stage, the formyl or methylol group is introduced into the pyrrole ring and further reaction takes place into the corresponding derivatives of acetic acid and ethanol rep. as given by the reaction diagram (2) below: ##STR7##

These reactions and their conditions are known and are described in CHEMIKER-ZEITUNG 110 (1968), #7/8, pp 267-271 and in ARCH. PHARM. 321, pp 159-162 (1988).

The preparation of the corresponding derivatives of formic acid, propionic acid and acrylic acid is described in ARCH. PHARM. 321, pp 545-549. It takes place according to the reaction diagrams (3) and (4).

The preparation of the corresponding butyric-acid derivatives takes place according to the reaction diagram (5). First, using the Friedels-Crafts acylation with succinic acid anhydride (E. Berlina, ORG. REAKT. 1949, 5, pp 229-289), the 4-oxobutyric acids are prepared which then are reduced by means of the Huang-Minlon variation of the Wolff-Kishner reduction with hydrazine/KOH in deithyleneglycol. The conditions of reaction are known to the expert.

The derivatives of valeric acid can be prepared by means of the 5-oxovaleric acids which in turn can be made from the pyrrolizine base bodies by the Friedel-Crafts acylation with glutaric acid anhydride in a manner similar to the preparation of the butyric acid derivatives. In similar manner the caproic acid derivatives are obtained by the Friedel-Crafts acylation of diphenylpyrrolizine with methyl-5-(chloroformylvalerate/AlCl₃) and saponification of the 6-oxocaproic-acid-methylester derivatives and subsequent reduction of the oxovaleric acid with hydrazine/KOH.

The preparation of compounds substituted at the phenyl group takes place similarly. The hydroxy-substituted derivatives are prepared by ether splitting with BBr₃ from the corresponding alkoxy derivatives (TETRAHEDRON, 1968, 24, pp 2289-2292). ##STR8##

The preparation of the compounds of formula I is described below, wherein R¹ and R² denote a C₁ -C₁₂ alkyl group. The initial material for the synthesis of these compounds are the corresponding 2,3,4- and 2,3,5-substituted pyrrole compounds of which the production is described in AUST. J. CHEM. 1966, 19, pp 1971-1885. The further synthesizing steps are elucidated illustratively below starting with 2-methyl-2,3-diphenylpyrrole and 5-methyl-2,3-diphenylpyrrole. These reactions are shown in the diagrams (6) and (7).

The first step is an alkylation of the pyrrole nitrogen atom. This reaction is carried out in conventional manner, for instance using the corresponding alkyl halides in the presence of a base, for instance alkali-metal alcoholates such as sodium methylate, sodium ethylate or potassium-t-butylate, in an inert solvent such as DMSO, ethyleneglycol methylether and the like. The alkylation also can be carried out heterogeneously with the corresponding toluene sulfonic-acid alkylesters or alkyl halides using phase transfer catalysts, in conventional manner (see for instance CAN. J. CHEM. 1977, 55, pp 4112-4116). The introduction of acid lateral chains then takes place similarly to the synthesises of the corresponding pyrrolizinyl carboxylic acids as described above.

The compounds of the invention are potent inhibitors of cyclo-oxygenase and/or lipoxygenase. Accordingly they are useful in treating the set of rheumatic illnesses and in preventing allergically induced ailments. Therefore the compounds of the invention represent effective antiphlogistics, analgetics, antipyretics, anti-allergics and broncholytics and may be used in thrombosis prophylaxis and in the prophylaxis of anaphylactic shock and to treat skin diseases such as psoriasis, urticaria, acute and chronic exanthemas of allergic and non-allergic origins. ##STR9##

The compounds of the invention may be administered either as individual therapeutic substances or as mixtures with other active substances. They may be administered alone, but as a rule they may be administered in the form of drugs, that is as mixtures of the active substances with suitable pharmaceutical carriers or diluents. The compounds or drugs may be administered orally or parenterally but preferably they shall be dosed orally.

The kind of drug and of pharmaceutical carrier or diluent depends on the desired method of administration. Oral drugs for instance may be in the form of tablets or capsules and may contain conventional excipients such as binders (for instance syrup, acacia, gelatin, sorbite, traganth gum or polyvinylpyrrolidone), fillers (for instance lactose, sugar, maize starch, calcium phosphate, sorbite or glycine), lubricants (for instance magnesium stearate, talcum, polyethyleneglycol or silicon dioxide), disintegrates (for instance starch) or wetting agents (for instance sodium lauryl sulfate). Oral liquid preparations may be in the form of aqueous or oily suspensions, solutions, emulsions, syrups, elixirs or sprays etc. or they may be in the form of dry powders to be reconstituted with water or another suitable carrier. Such liquid preparations may contain conventional additives such as suspending agents, flavorings, diluents or emulsifiers. As regards parenteral administration, solutions or suspensions with conventional pharmaceutical carriers may be used.

The compounds or drugs of the invention can be administered to mammals (human and animal) in doses of about 0.5 mg to about 100 mg per kg of body weight per day. They can be administered in single or multiple doses.

The effectiveness of the compounds of the invention can be determined by means of the inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase or of cyclo-oxygenase. The research was carried out as follows:

TESTING TO DETERMINE THE INHIBITION OF 5-LIPOXYGENASE

The source for 5-lipoxygenase were bovine granulocytes which can form leucotrienes just as human granulocytes do. By stimulation with calcium-ionophore (see BIOCHEM. BIOPHYS. ACTA 1984, 795, pp 499-503), mainly LTC₄ (leucotriene C₄) and LTB₄ (leucotriene B₄) are formed from endogenous arachidonic acid. The isolation of the granulocytes and the implementation of the enzyme reaction are conventional (see BIOCHEM. BIOPHYS. ACTA 1984, 795 pp 499-503). The blood protected against clotting by EDTA first is centrifuged for that purposed and the thrombotic excess is removed. Following lysis of the erythrocytes with water the lymphocytes and monocytes are separated from the granulocytes by means of a Ficoll gradient. The granulocytes are set to a specific cell number. The enzyme reaction is then begun in the presence or absence of the test substances following the addition of Ca²⁺ with calcium ionophore. The synthesis of the leucotrienes is stopped after 5 minutes by adding a mixture of methanol and acetonitrile containing PGB2 as the internal standard and NDGA as the anti-oxidant. Next the samples are diluted in water and processed in the manner described in J. CHROMATOGR. 1896, 378, pp 208-214. LTB₄ is measured at the absorption maximum at 270 nm. The arachidonic acid metabolites are observed present in this research in approximately quantitative manner.

TESTING TO DETERMINE THE INHIBITION OF CYCLO-OXYGENASE

In this test the 12-HHT amount of 12-hydroxyheptadecatriene acid or prostaglandin E₂ amount formed by bovine thrombocytes following addition of calcium ionophore is determined by uv detection following HPLC separation. Following centrifuging of the bovine blood, the thrombocytes are isolated from the surnatant. The enzyme reaction and the isolation of the formed metabolites take place as when determining the 5-lipoxygenase inhibition, however the incubation time was one minute. The detection of 12 HHT following HPLC separation takes place at 232 nm.

Tables 1 and 2 list the test results for the compounds of the invention, The test substances were at concentrations of 10 μM.

The Examples below illustrate the invention. All temperatures are uncorrected. The ir spectra--unless noted otherwise--are from KBr molded articles. The NMR spectra, unless noted otherwise, are 90 Mhz spectra, recorded in CDCl₃ with tetramethylsilane (TMS) as the internal standard.

The preparation and the properties of the compounds used as initial materials used in part for the reactions below and listed in Tables 3, 4 and 5 are described in the following literature:

ARCH. PHARM. 312, pp 896-907 (1979)

ARCH. PHARM. 319, pp 500-505 (1986)

ARCH. PHARM. 321, pp 159-162 (1988)

ARCH. PHARM. 321, pp 545-549 (1988)

CHEMIKER ZEITUNG, 110, (1986), 7/8, pp 267-271.

                                      TABLE 1                                      __________________________________________________________________________     INHIBITION OF 5-LIPOXYGENASE AND OF CYCLO-OXYGENASE                            BY PYRROLIZINE COMPOUNDS.                                                       ##STR10##                                                                                                           INHIBITION %                             COMPOUND                               Lipoxy-                                                                             Cyclooxy-                          Nr.     R.sup.3 R.sup.4 R.sup.5  R.sup.6                                                                           R.sup.7                                                                           genase                                                                              genase                             __________________________________________________________________________             Phenyl  (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CO.sub.2 H                                                            Phenyl   H  H  82                                              Phenyl  (CH.sub.2).sub.5 CO.sub.2 H                                                            Phenyl   H  H  80                                              (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CO.sub.2 H                                                            Phenyl  Phenyl   H  H  86                                              (CH.sub.2).sub.5 CO.sub.2 H                                                            Phenyl  Phenyl   H  H  86                                              Phenyl  Phenyl  CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                     CH.sub.3                                                                          CH.sub.3                                                                          94   99                                         Phenyl  Phenyl  (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                             CH.sub.3                                                                          CH.sub.3                                                                          91   97                                         (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                            Phenyl  Phenyl   CH.sub.3                                                                          CH.sub.3                                                                          93                                              (CH.sub.2).sub.5 CO.sub.2 H                                                            Phenyl  Phenyl   CH.sub.3                                                                          CH.sub.3                                                                          96                                              Phenyl  Phenyl  CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                                     H  H       91                                         Phenyl  Phenyl  CHCHCO.sub.2 H                                                                          H  H  80                                              CHCHCO.sub.2 H                                                                         Phenyl  Phenyl   CH.sub.3                                                                          CH.sub.3                                                                          91                                              Phenyl  C.sub.6 H.sub.13                                                                       CHCHCO.sub.2 H                                                                          H  H  82                                              Phenyl  m-Chlorphenyl                                                                          (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                             H  H  89                                              Phenyl  p-Chlorphenyl                                                                          (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                             H  H  98                                              Phenyl  p-Tolyl (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                             H  H  92                                              Phenyl  p-Methoxy-                                                                             (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                             H  H  91                                                      phenyl                                                                 Phenyl  p-Phenoxy-                                                                             (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                             H  H  98   70                                                 phenyl                                                                 Phenyl  α-naphthyl                                                                       (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                             H  H  94                                              Phenyl  p-Fluorphenyl                                                                          (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                             CH.sub.3                                                                          CH.sub.3                                                                               93 (3,3 μM)                             Phenyl  p-Tolyl (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                             CH.sub.3                                                                          CH.sub.3                                                                               93 (3,3 μM)                             Phenyl  p-Phenoxy-                                                                             (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                             CH.sub.3                                                                          CH.sub.3                                                                          98                                                      phenyl                 (3,3 μM)                             __________________________________________________________________________

                  TABLE 2                                                          ______________________________________                                         INHIBITION OF 5-LIPOXYGENASE BY 2-METHYL-                                      DIPHENYLPYRROLE-ACETIC-ACIDS                                                    ##STR11##                                                                                                          INHIBITION                                                                     (%)                                       R.sup.1                                                                               R.sup.2                                                                               R.sup.3 R.sup.4                                                                              R.sup.5  (Lipoxygenase)                            ______________________________________                                         n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                     CH.sub.3                                                                              Phenyl  Phenyl                                                                               (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                             94                                        n-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                                                                    CH.sub.3                                                                              Phenyl  Phenyl                                                                               (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                             99                                        n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                                                                    CH.sub.3                                                                              Phenyl  Phenyl                                                                               (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                             99                                        Neo-   CH.sub.3                                                                              Phenyl  Phenyl                                                                               (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                                             97                                        pentyl                                                                         ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 3                                                          ______________________________________                                          ##STR12##                                                                     EXAMPLE                      R' =                                              Nr.         R                H       CH.sub.3                                  ______________________________________                                         1           H                1a      1b                                        2           CHO              6a      6b                                        3           CH.sub.2 OH      9a      9b                                        4           CH.sub.2 COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                                     12a     12b                                       5           (CH.sub.2).sub.2 OH                                                                             15a     15b                                       6           COOH             18a     18b                                       7           CH.sub.2 COOH    23a     23b                                       8           (CH.sub.2).sub.2 COOCH.sub.3                                                                    26a     26b                                       9           (CH.sub.2).sub.2 COOH                                                                           27a     27b                                       10          CHCHCOOC.sub.2 H.sub.5 (E)                                                                      30                                                11          CHCHCOOH (E)     33                                                ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 4                                                          ______________________________________                                          ##STR13##                                                                     EXAMPLE                      R' =                                              Nr.         R                H       CH.sub.3                                  ______________________________________                                         12          H                2a      2b                                        13          CHO              7a      7b                                        14          CH.sub.2 OH      10a     10b                                       15          CH.sub.2 COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                                     13a     13b                                       16          (CH.sub.2).sub.2 OH                                                                             16a     16b                                       17          COSC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                                              19a     19b                                       18          COOH             21a     21b                                       19          CH.sub.2 COOH    24a     24b                                       20          CHCHCOOC.sub.2 H.sub.5 (E)                                                                      28                                                21          CHCHCOOH (E)     30                                                22          (CH.sub.2).sub.2 COOH                                                                           32                                                ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 5                                                          ______________________________________                                          ##STR14##                                                                     EXAMPLE                      R' =                                              Nr.         R                H       CH.sub.3                                  ______________________________________                                         23          H                3a      3b                                        24          CHO              8a      8b                                        25          CH.sub.2 OH      11a     11b                                       26          CH.sub.2 COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                                     14a     14b                                       27          (CH.sub.2).sub.2 OH                                                                             17a     17b                                       28          COSC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                                              20a     20b                                       29          COOH             22a     22b                                       30          CH.sub.2 COOH    25a     25b                                       31          CHCHCOOC.sub.2 H.sub.5 (E)                                                                      29a     29b                                       32          CHCHCOOC.sub.2 H.sub.5 (Z)                                                                              29b'                                      33          CHCHCOOH (E)     31a     31b                                       34          CHCHCOOH (Z)             31b'                                      35          (CH.sub.2).sub.2 COOH                                                                           33a     33b                                       ______________________________________                                    

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING THE 4-(DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINYL)-4-OXOBUTYRIC ACIDS

With ice cooling and stirring, 8.8 mmoles (1.17 g) of AlCl₃ are added in batches over five minutes to a solution of 4 mmoles of diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine and 4 mm (0.40 g) of succinic acid anhydride. Then agitation continues for 45 minutes at room temperature. Thereupon the batch is poured into 150 ml ice water. After adding 4 ml of 8% H₃ PO₄, extraction is performed three times with CHCl₃, the organic phases are dried with Na₂ SO₄ and the solvent is distilled. Product isolation is by means of column chromatography (silica gel, 1st ether, 2nd ether/THF 1+1). The product fractions are concentrated, the residue is dissolved in a little CHCl₃. After adding n-hexane and new concentration, the product is precipitated.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING THE 4-(DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINYL)-BUTYRIC ACIDS

0.5 mmoles of 4-(diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl)-4-oxobutyric acid are mixed with 10 ml of diethyleneglycol, 50 mmoles (2.8 g) of KOH and 30 mmoles (1.5 g) of hydrazine hydrate. The batch is heated 1 hour till reflux (bath temperature 170° C.). Next the reflux condenser is replaced by a distillation bridge and the temperature is raised until the inside is at about 210° C. This temperature is then maintained for 2 h. Following cooling, the batch is poured into 150 ml H₂ O, acidified with 8% H₃ PO₄ and extraction is carried out three times with ether. The extracts are washed with H₂ O, dried and concentrated. The product is isolated with column chromatography (silica gel, ether/THF 4+1 in 39, diisopropylether in 40, ether in 41a and ether/n-hexane 4+1 in 41b) and is precipitated using n-hexane.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING THE 5-(DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINYL)-5-OXOVALERIC ACIDS

4 mmoles of diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine are reacted in 16 ml of absolute CH₂ Cl₂ with 4 mmoles (0.46 g) of glutaric acid anhydride and 8.8 mmoles (1.17 g) of AlCl₃ similarly to the procedure for making the 4-(diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl)-4-oxobutyric acid ("s.S." 222). In deviation, the batch is poured into ice water immediately after the addition of AlCl₃ and then is processed further. Product purification takes place by column chromatography (silica gel/ether).

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING THE 5-(DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINYL)-5-VALERIC ACIDS

0.5 mmoles of 5-(diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl)-5-oxovaleric acids are reacted similarly to the procedure for making the 4-(diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl)-4-oxobutyric acids. The produce is isolated by column chromatography (silica gel, ether) and precipitated by means of n-hexane.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING THE 6-(DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINYL)-6-OXOCAPROIC-ACID METHYLESTERS

With ice cooling and while stirring, 22 mmoles (2.93 g) of AlCl₃ are added over 5 minutes and in batches to the solution of 10 mmoles of diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine and 10 mmoles (1.79 g) of methyl-5-(chloroformyl)-valerate in 50 ml of absolute CH₂ Cl₂. Immediately thereafter the batch is poured into 150 ml of ice-cooled 10% NaCl solution. Upon addition of 4 ml of 8% H₃ PO₄, extraction with ether is carried out three times, the organic phases are dried with Na₂ SO₄ and the solvent is distilled. The product is isolated by means of column chromatography (silica gel, 1st n-hexane/ether 3+2, 2nd n-hexane/ether 1+4 in 48, 50a and 50b, or 1st toluene, 2nd hexane/ether 1+4 in 49). First the eluates are concentrated to about 100 ml, then they are washed twice with 0.05 n NaOH and twice with 10% NaCl solution and lastly they are dried with Na₂ SO₄. When the solution is concentrated the products precipitate or, following distillation of the solvent, crystallize.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING THE 6-(DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINYL)-6-CAPROIC ACIDS

The solution of 1 mmole of 6-(diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl)-6-oxocaproic-acid methylester in 10 ml of ethanol is heated to boiling. 5 ml of 10% KOH previous degassed by boiling are dripped into that solution and heating continues another 15 minutes with reflux. Following cooling the batch is poured into 100 ml of 5% NaCl and then is acidified with 8% H₃ PO₄ and extraction is carried out three times with ether. The organic phases are dried by means of Na₂ SO₄ and concentrated. The residue is reacted with 50 mmoles (2.8 g) of KOH and 30 mmoles (1.5 g) of hydrazine hydrate in 10 ml of diethylene glycol similarly to the preparation procedure for the 4-(diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl)-butyric acids and is purified by column chromatography with silica gel.

The compounds so prepared and several physical properties of theirs are listed in the Tables 6 through 8 below.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING THE 2-(DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINYL)-PROPIONIC-ACID ETHYLESTERS

5 mmoles of diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine dissolved in 4 ml of absolute toluene are reacted with 7.5 mmoles (0.96 g) of 2-diazopropionic-acid ethylester dissolved in 2 ml of absolute toluene similarly to the procedure for preparing the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolinyl acetic-acid ethylesters. However the time of reaction is 2 h. Purification is column chromatography (Al₂ O₃, n-hexane/ether 9+1). The products are precipiated with ethanol.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR SAPONIFYING THE 2-(DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINYL) PROPIONIC-ACID ETHYLESTERS

5 mmoles of 54 or 0.5 mmoles of 55a and 55b, dissolved in 12 ml or 9 ml resp. of ethanol are reacted with 8 ml or 2.5 ml resp. of 10% aqueous KOH similarly to the procedure for saponifying the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl-acetic-acid ethylesters. The time of saponification is 15 min in 54, 60 min in 55a, and 55b. Purification is by column chromatography (silica gel, 1st n-hexane/ether 1+1, 2nd ether). After the eluates have been concentrated, the products are precipitated with n-hexane.

The compounds so prepared together with some of their properties are listed in Table 6 and the Table 9.

                  TABLE 6                                                          ______________________________________                                          ##STR15##                                                                                              MELTING                                               EXAMPLE                  POINT                                                 Nr.      R               °C.                                                                               IR.sup.1)                                   ______________________________________                                         36       CO(CH.sub.2).sub.2 COOH                                                                      36    187-188 1710, 1635                                37       (CH.sub.2).sub.3 COOH                                                                        39    166-167 1705                                      38       CO(CH.sub.2).sub.3 COOH                                                                      42    142-143 1710, 1635                                39       (CH.sub.2).sub.4 COOH                                                                        45    146     1710                                      40       CO(CH.sub.2).sub.4 COOH                                                                      48     99     1740, 1630                                41       (CH.sub.2).sub.5 COOH                                                                        51    --      *                                         42       CH(CH.sub.3)COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                               54    --      1730                                      43       CH(CH.sub.3)COOH                                                                             56    173     1705                                      ______________________________________                                          .sup.1) (CO) Band                                                              *.sup.1 H-NMR: δ(ppm) = 1.06-1.78(m, 6H,                                 (CH.sub.2).sub.3CH.sub.2CO), 2.10-2.40(m, 2H, CH.sub.2CO), 2.40-2.76(m,        4H, PyrCH.sub.2 and C2), 3.02(t, 2H, J=7Hz, C1), 3.94(t, 2H, J=7Hz, C3),       6.97-7.31(m, 10H, Arom.)                                                 

                  TABLE 7                                                          ______________________________________                                          ##STR16##                                                                                              MELTING                                               EXAMPLE                  POINT                                                 Nr.      R               °C.                                                                               IR.sup.1)                                   ______________________________________                                         44       CO(CH.sub.2).sub.2 COOH                                                                      37    231-234 1715, 1680                                45       (CH.sub.2).sub.3 COOH                                                                        40    176-178 1715                                      46       CO(CH.sub.2).sub.3 COOH                                                                      43    128     1710, 1660                                47       (CH.sub.2).sub.4 COOH                                                                        46    126-127 1700                                      48       CO(CH.sub.2).sub.4 COOCH.sub.3                                                               49    112     1745, 165β                           49       (CH.sub.2).sub.5 COOH                                                                        52     63     1710                                      ______________________________________                                          .sup.1) (CO) Band                                                        

                                      TABLE 8                                      __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR17##                                                                     EXAMPLE          R' =  MELTING PT. °C.                                                                    IR.sup.1)                                    Nr.    R         H     a    b     a     b                                      __________________________________________________________________________     50     CO(CH.sub.2).sub.2 COOH                                                                  38a                                                                               38b                                                                               190-191                                                                             187-188                                                                              1715, 1665,                                                                          1715, 1645                                                               1645                                         51     (CH.sub.2).sub.3 COOH                                                                    41a                                                                               41b                                                                               146-148                                                                             192-194                                                                              1705  1710                                   52     CO(CH.sub.2).sub.3 COOH                                                                  44a                                                                               44b                                                                               109   167  1720, 1660                                                                           1715, 1660                             53     (CH.sub.2).sub.4 COOH                                                                    47a                                                                               47b                                                                               111-112                                                                             1705  129-130                                                                              1715                                   54     CO(CH.sub.2).sub.4 COOCH.sub.3                                                           50a                                                                               50b                                                                               92   1735, 1645  1740, 1655                             55     (CH.sub.2).sub.5 COOH                                                                    53a                                                                               53b                                                                               123  1710  122   1710                                   __________________________________________________________________________      .sup.1) (CO) Band                                                        

                                      TABLE 9                                      __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR18##                                                                     EXAMPLE          R' =  MELTING PT.                                                                            IR (CO)                                         Nr.    R         H  CH.sub.3                                                                          a   b   a  b                                            __________________________________________________________________________     56     CH(CH.sub.3)COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                           55a                                                                               55b                                                                               133  136                                                                               1730                                                                              1740                                         57     CH(CH.sub.3)COOH                                                                         57a                                                                               57b                                                                               190 1705                                                                                226                                                                              1710                                         __________________________________________________________________________

EXAMPLE 58 5-(1-(DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-7-YL)-ETHYL)-2,3-DIMETHYL-1,3-DIOXAN-4,6-DIONE (59a)

The solution of 4 mmoles (1.04 g) of 3a, 4 mmoles (0.58 g) of 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxan-4,6-dione (Meldrum's acid) and 8 mmoles (0.35 g) of freshly distilled acetaldehyde in 40 ml of acetonitrile is made to stand for 24 h at 30° C. Following cooling in the ice bath, the precipitated product is evacuated.

Yield: 0.44 g (26%).

melting point: 169° C. (with dissociation).

IR: ν_(max) =1790 (C═O), 1605 (C═C)/cm.

EXAMPLE 59 5-(1-(2,3-DIMETHYL-5,6-DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-7-YL)ETHYL)-2,2-DIMETHYL-1,3-DIOXAN-4,6-DIONE (59b)

4 mmoles (1.15 g) of 3b are reacted in the manner described in relation to 59a with acetaldehyde and Meldrum's acid.

Yield: 1.35 g (74%).

Ir: ν_(max) =1790 (C═O), 1755 (C═O), 1605 (C═C)/cm.

EXAMPLE 60 3-(5,6-DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-7-YL) BUTYRIC-ACID ETHYLESTERS (60a)

1 mmole of 59a is dissolved in a mixture of 5 ml of absolute pyridine and 1.0 ml of absolute ethanol. After adding some copper powder, the batch is heated to reflux for 3 h. The copper power is evacuated and the solvent is distilled in vacuum. The product is isolated from the residue by column chromatography (silica gel, n-hexane/CH₂ Cl₂ 1+2).

Yield: 96.5 mg (25%).

IR: ν_(max) =1735 (C═O), 1605 (C═C)/cm.

EXAMPLE 61 3-(2,3-DIMETHYL-5,6-DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-7-YL)BUTYRIC-ACID ETHYLESTER (60b)

2.5 mmoles of 59b are dissolved in a mixture of 20 ml absolute pyridine and 2 ml of absolute ethanol and upon addition of some copper powder the batch is reacted as described for 60a. Purification is by column chromatography (silica gel, n-hexane/CH₂ Cl₂ 2+1) in isolation.

Yield: 0.68 g (68%).

IR: ν_(max) =1745 (C═O), 1605 (C═C)/cm.

EXAMPLE 62 3-(5,6-DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-7-YL)-BUTYRIC ACID (61a)

The eluates are concentrated. The product is made to crystallize using a little ether and then is made to precipitate extensively by adding n-hexane.

Yield: 63 mg (36%).

Melting point: 157° C. (with dissociation).

IR ν_(max) =3300-2400 (OH), 1710 (C═O), 1605 (C═C)/cm.

EXAMPLE 63 3-(2,2-DIMETHYL-5,6-DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-7-YL) BUTYRIC-ACID (61b)

The product precipitates when the eluates are concentrated.

Yield: 0.26 g (46%).

Melting point: 202°-208° C. (with dissociation).

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING THE TRIMETHYLPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1-H-PYRROLIZINES

0.05 moles (5.6 g) of 2,4,4-trimethyl-Δ1pyrroline, dissolved in 25 ml of absolute ethanol, are reacted with 0.05 moles (10.7 g) of 1-bromo-1-phenylacetone (in 63) or α-bromo-propiophenone (in 64) in a manner analogous to the synthesis of 3a. In deviation from that reference, here, following addition of the NaHCO₃ solution (0.06 moles in 40 ml of H₂ O) are heated only 4 h to reflux. Purification is carried out by means of column chromatography (Al₂ O₃, n-hexane/ether 9+1). Oil remains following concentration of the eluate.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING THE TRIMETHYLPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINYL-ACETIC-ACID ETHYLESTERS

5 mmoles (1.13 g) of 63 or of 64, dissolved in 5 ml of absolute toluene, are reacted with 7.5 mmoles (0.86 g) of diazo-acetic-acid ethylester dissolved in 4 ml of absolute toluene similarly to the procedure for preparing the diphenyl-1,2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl acetic-acid ethylesters. The products are obtained as oils following column chromatography (Al₂ O₃, 1st n-hexane/ether 9+1, 2nd n-hexane/ether 3+2).

SAPONIFICATION OF THE TRIMETHYLPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROZINYL-ACETIC-ACID ETHYLESTERS

1.5 mmoles of 65 or 0.5 mmoles of 66, dissolved in 4 ml or 12 ml resp. of ethanol are reacted with 2.5 ml or 7.5 ml resp. of 10% aqueous KOH similarly to the procedure for saponifying the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolinyl-acetic-acid ethylesters. Purification is by column chromatography.

The compounds and several of their properties are listed in the Tables 10 and 11 below.

                  TABLE 10                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR19##                                                                     EXAMPLE                                                                        Nr.       R              MELTING PT. IR.sup.1)                                 ______________________________________                                         64        H            63    --        1605                                    65        CH.sub.2 COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                                 65    --        1735                                    66        CH.sub.2 COOH                                                                               67    168       1715                                    ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 11                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR20##                                                                     R               MELTING PT.  IR.sup.1)                                         ______________________________________                                         67   H            64    58-60      1595 (CC)                                   68   CH.sub.2 COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                                 66               1740                                        69   CH.sub.2 COOH                                                                               68    141        1710                                        ______________________________________                                          .sup.1) (CO) band, unless stated otherwise                               

EXAMPLE 70 5-(n-HEXYL)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE (69)

In order to dissolve 35 mmoles of n-octanal in 15 ml of ether and 5 ml of dioxan, a solution of 35 mmoles (5.6 g) of bromine in 5 ml of CH₂ Cl₂ is slowly added while stirring. This batch then is mixed with 50 ml ether and to neutralize HBr, the mixture is washed carefully twice with a 5% NaHCO₃ solution. The organic phase is dried by means of Na₂ SO₄ and concentrated. The residue is dissolved in 50 ml ethanol and added to a mixture of 30 mmoles of 2 benzyl-Δ1-pyrroline⁹⁹, 50 ml of ethanol and 50 ml of 10% NaHCO₃ solution. After stirring for 24 at room temperature, the batch is poured into 500 ml of 10% NaCl and extraction is carried out twice with ether. The organic phases are dried by means Na₂ SO₄, the solvent is distilled and the pyrrolizines so obtained, 69 and 70, are isolated by column chromatography (Al₂ O₃, n-hexane/ether 9+1).

The two isomeric pyrrolizines then are dissolved in 50 ml of dichloroethane and are mixed a total of four times, 15 minutes apart, each time with 17 mmoles of acrylic-acid methylester and 1.0 ml of BF₃ etherate. Following addition of 200 ml of 5% NaCl solution, the batch is extracted twice with ether. Following drying by means of Na₂ SO₄ The solvent is distilled and the unconverted 69 is isolated by means of column chromatography (Al₂ O₃ n-hexane/ether 9+1). The eluates are concentrated. The remaining oil solidifies after some time.

Yield: 1.23 g (16%).

Melting point: 46°-47° C.

C₁₉ H₂₅ N (224.1).

IR: ν_(max) =1610 (C═C)/cm.

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=0.73-1.06 (m, 3 H, --CH₃), 1.06-1.76 (m, 8 H, --CH₂ --), 2.33-2.72 (m, 4 H, C-2 und Pyr--CH₂ --), 3.04 (t, 2 H, J=7 Hz, C-1), 3.83 (t, 2 H, J=7 Hz, C-3), 6.20 (s, 1 H, C-5), 6.95-7.56 (m, 5 H, Arom.)

EXAMPLE 71 5-(5-(n-HEXYL)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-6YL)-5-OXOVALERIC ACID (71)

5 mmoles of 5-(n-hexyl)-7-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine 69 are reacted in 20 ml of CH₂ Cl₂ with 5 mmoles (0.5 g) of glutaric acid anhydride and 11 mmoles (1.47 g) of AlCL₃ similarly to the procedure for preparing the 5-(diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl)-5-oxovaleric-acids. The product is purified by column chromatography (silica gel, 1st n-hexane/ether 1+1, 2nd ether). After the eluates are concentrated, 71 remains as an oil.

Yield 0.40 g (21%).

C₂₄ H₃₁ NO₃ (381.5).

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=32 0.69-1.07 (m, 3 H, --CH₃), 1.07-1.98 (m, 10 H, --CH₂ --), 1.98-2.65 (m, 6 H, C-2 und --CO--CH₂ --CH₂ CH₂ --CO--), 2.65-2.95 (m, 4 H, C-1 und Pyr--CH₂ --), 3.91 (t, 2 H, J=7 Hz, C-3), 7.07-7.47 (m, 5 H, Arom.)

EXAMPLE 72 5-(5-(n-HEXYL)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-6YL)-VALERIC ACID (72)

1 mmole of 71 is reacted in 10 ml of diethyleneglycol with 50 mmoles (2.8 g) of KOH and 30 mmoles (1.5 g) of hydrazine hydrate similarly to the procedure for reducing the 4-(diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl)-4-oxobutyric acids. Product purification is by means of column chromatography (silica gel/diisopropylether). After concentrating the eluates, 72 remains as an oil.

Yield 0.20 g (54%).

C₂₄ H₃₃ NO₂ (367.5).

IR: ν_(max) =3600-2400 (OH), 1710 (C═O), 1605 (C═C) cm⁻¹

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=0.72-1.12 (m, 3 H, --CH₃), 1.12-1.78 (m, 12 H, --CH₂ --), 2.08-2.70 (m, 8 H, C-2, --CH₂ --CO-- und 2x Pyr--CH₂ --), 2.90 (t, 2 H, J=7 Hz, C-1), 3.87 (t, 2 H, J=7 Hz, C-3), 6.95-7.44 (m, 5 H, Arom.).

EXAMPLES 73, 74 5-(n-HEXYL)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-6-YL-CARBALDEHYDE (73) AND 6-(n-HEXYL)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL-CARBALDEHYDE (74)

35 mmoles of octanal, bromine and 2-benzyl-Δ1-pyrroline are reacted each time similarly to the preparation for 69 and 70. The isolated pyrrolizines then are absorbed in 35 ml of absolute benzene and reacted with 105 mmoles (7.7 g) of absolute DMF and 35 mmoles (5.4 g) of POCl₃ similarly to the procedure of the Vilsmeier formylation of the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizines. The two products are separated by column chromatography with silica gel, first elution taking place with n-hexane/diisopropylether 73 and then with diisopropylether 74. Both products will be in the form of oils after the eluates have been concentrated.

Proof of structure for 73: the same product is obtained in the Vilsmeier formylation of 69.

73

Yield: 1.74 g.

C₂₀ H₂₅ NO (295.4).

IR: ν_(max) =1660 (C═O), 1610 (C═C) cm⁻¹.

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=0.73-1.07 (m, 3 H, --CH₃), 1.07-1.86 (m, 8 H, --CH₂ --), 2.30-2.70 (m, 2 H, C-2), 2.74-3.05 (m, 4 H, C-1 and Pyr--CH₂ --), 3.91 (t, 2 H, J=7 Hz, C-3), 7.05-7.46 (m, 5 H, Arom.), 9.87 (s, 1 H, --CHO).

74

Yield: 2.13 g.

C₂₀ H₂₅ NO (295.4).

IR: ν_(max) =1655 (C═O), 1610 (C═C) cm⁻¹.

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=0.68-1.01 (m, 3 H, --CH₃), 1.01-1.74 (m, 8 H, --CH₂ --), 2.30-2.67 (m, 2 H, C-2), 2.67-3.00 (m, 4 H, C-1 and Pyr--CH₂ --), 4.32 (t, 2 H, J=7 Hz, C-3), 7.19-7.46 (m, 5 H, Arom.), 9.67 (s, 1 H, --CHO).

EXAMPLE 75 3-(6(n-HEXYL)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL)-ACRYLIC-ACID ETHYLESTERS (75)

5 mmoles (1.48 g) of 74 are reacted similarly to the procedure for preparing the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl-acrylic-acid ethylesters. Purification is by column chromatography (silica gel, petroleum ether 50-70/acetic-ester 7+1). Following concentration of the eluate, the production is obtained as an oil

Yield 0.45 g (25%).

C₂₄ H₃₁ NO₂ (365.5).

IR: ν_(max) =1705 (C═O), 1610 (C═C) cm⁻¹.

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=0.62-1.02 (m, 3 H, --CH₃), 1.02-1.78 (m, 11 H, --CH₂ -- und --O--CH₂ --CH₃), 2.23-3.01 (m, 6 H, C-2, Pyr--CH₂ -- and C-1), 3.93-4.39 (m, 4 H, C-3 und --O--CH₂ --), 5.89 (AB, 1 H, J=16.1 Hz, ═CH--CO--), 7.04-7.48 (m, 5 H, Arom.), 7.68 (AB, 1 H, J=16.1 Hz, Pry--CH═).

EXAMPLE 76 3-(6-(n-HEXYL)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1h-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL)-ACRYLIC ACID (76)

1.0 mmole (0.37 g) of 75 is reacted similarly to the procedure for saponifying the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-acrylic-acid ethylesters.

Yield 0.20 g (59%).

Melting point: 140° C. (with dissociation).

C₂₂ H₂₇ NO₂ (337.5).

IR: ν_(max) 3300-2200 (OH), 1670 (C═O), 1595 (C═C) cm⁻¹.

¹ H-NMR (d₆ -DMSO): δ(ppm)=0.58-0.96 (m, 3 H, --CH₃), 0.96-1.60 (m, 8 H, --CH₂ --), 2.18-2.73 (m, 4 H, C-2 and Pyr--CH₂ --), 2.86 (t, 2 H, J=7 Hz, C-1), 4.15 (t, 2 H, J=7 Hz, C-3), 5.85 (AB, 1 H, J=15.8 Hz, ═CH--CO--), 7.02-7.53 (m, 5 H, Arom.), 7.50 (AB, 1 H, J=15.8 Hz, Pry--CH═).

EXAMPLE 77 6-CYCLOHEXYL-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE (77)

50 mmoles of Br₂, dissolved in 10 ml of CCl₄, are slowly dripped into the solution of 50 mmoles (6.3 g) of cyclohexylmethylketone in 40 ml of CCl₄ with stirring and shielding from light. This batch is then mixed with 50 ml of CH₂ Cl₂ and carefully washed twice with a 5% NaHCO₃ solution to neutralize the Hbr. The organic phase is dried by means of Na₂ SO₄ and concentrated. The residue is dissolved in 30 ml of ethanol and reacted with the solution of 50 mmoles of 2-benzyl-Δ1-pyrroline in 20 ml of ethanol. The batch is stirred for 24 h at room temperature. After adding 25 ml of a saturated NaHCO₃ solution, stirring proceeds for another 24 h. Then 500 ml of 10% NaCl are added and extraction with ether is carried out twice. The organic phases are dried (Na₂ SO₄). The solvent is distilled and the product is isolated by column chromatography (Al₂ O₃, n-hexane/ether 9+1). The oil (3.0 g) remaining after the eluate was concentrated is impure. It is further reacted without any purification.

EXAMPLE 78 6-CYCLOHEXYL-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5YL-CARBALDEHYDE (78)

3.0 g of impure 77 are dissolved in 5 ml of absolute benzene and reacted with 12 mmoles of absolute DMF (0.88 g) and 4 mmoles (0.61 g) of POCl₃ similarly to the procedure for the Vilsmeier formylation of the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizines. Purification is by column chromatography (silica gel, ether/n-hexane 3+1). Then the product is precipitated with ethanol

Yield 0.66 g (4.5% referred to the cyclohexylmethyl ketone).

Melting point: 135° C.

C₂₀ H₂₃ NO₂ (293.4).

IR: ν_(max) =1645 (C═O), 1610 (C═C) cm⁻¹.

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=1.01-2.13 (m, 10 H, --CH₂ -- of the cyclohexyl ring), 2.24-3.03 (m, 5 H, C-1, C-2 und Pyr--CH<), 4.35 (t, 2 H, J=7 Hz, C-3), 7.07-7.51 (m, 5 H, Arom.), 9.93 (s, 1 H, CHO).

EXAMPLE 79 3-(6-CYCLOHEXYL-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL)-ACRYLIC-ACID ETHYLESTERS (79)

2 mmoles of 78, dissolved in 4 ml of absolute CH₂ Cl₂, are reacted with a solution of 2 mmoles (0.86 g) of ethoxycarbonyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide in 3.5 ml of absolute ethanol and with a solution of Na-ethanolate prepared from 6 mmoles (0.14 g) of sodium and 3 ml of absolute ethanol in a manner similar to the procedure for preparing the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl acrylic-acid ethylesters. The purification takes place by column chromatography (silica gel, petroleum ether 50-70/acetic-ester 7+2). The oil remaining after concentration solidifies after some time.

Yield: 80 mg (11%).

Melting point: 190° C.

C₂₄ H₂₉ NO₂ (363.5).

IR: ν_(max) =1715 (C═O), 1605 (C═C) cm⁻¹.

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=0.99-1.99 (m, 10 H, --CH₂ -- of the cyclohexyl ring), 1.31 (t, 3 H, J=7 Hz, --O--CH₂ --CH₃) 2.27-2.93 (m, 5 H, C-1, C-2 und Pyr--CH<), 4.17 (t, 2 H, J=7 Hz, C-3), 4.23 (q, 2 H, J=7 Hz, --O--CH₂ --), 5.85 (AB, 1 H, J=16.2 Hz, ═CH--CO--), 7.04-7.48 (m, 5 H, Arom.), 7.91 (AB, 1 H, J=16.2 Hz, Pry--CH═).

EXAMPLE 80 3-(6-CYCLOHEXYL-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL)-ACRYLIC ACID (80)

0.22 mmoles (80 mg) of 79 dissolved in 5 ml of ethanol are reacted with 3 ml of 10% aqueous KOH similarly to the procedure for saponifying the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine acrylic-acid ethylesters (see p 219).

Yield: 37 mg (50%).

Melting point: 201° C. (with dissociation).

C₂₂ H₂₅ NO₂ (335.4).

IR: ν_(max) =3200-2400 (OH), 1660 (C═O), 1585 (C═C) cm⁻¹. ¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=0.98 -2.05 (m, 10 H, --CH₂ -- of the cyclohexyl ring), 2.29-2.98 (m, 5 H, C-1, C-2 und Pyr--CH<), 4.21 (t, 2 H, J=7 Hz, C-3), 5.87 (AB, 1 H, J=16.0 Hz, ═CH--CO--), 7.02-7.55 (m, 5 H, Arom.), 8.01 (AB, 1 H, J=16.0 Hz, Pry--CH═).

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR THE N-ALKYLATION OF 2-METHYL-3,4-DIPHENYLPYRROLE

2 mmoles (0.47 g) of 2-methyl-3,4-diphenyl-pyrrole (AUST. J. CHEM. 1966, 19, pp 1871-1885) [and] 2.2 mmoles of p-toluene sulfonic-acid methylester (in 81b) or alkylbromide (for the remaining compounds) and 1 mmole (0.32) g) of tetrabutylammonium bromide are mixed with 10 ml ether and 5 ml of 50% aqueous NaOH. While agitating strongly, the mixture is heated for 8 h to slow boiling. Thereupon the batch is poured into 100 ml of H₂ O and extracted twice with ether. The ether phases are washed with 1% H₃ PO₄ and H₂ O, dried by means of Na₂ SO₄ and concentrated. The product isolation takes place by column chromatography (Al₂ O₃, n-hexane/ether 9+1).

The compounds so obtained and their physical properties are listed in Table 12 below.

EXAMPLE 88 1-NEOPENTYL-2-METHYL-3,4-DIPHENYLPYRROLE (81i)

The above compound cannot be synthesized. However it may be prepared as follows:

2 mmoles (0.46 g) of 2-methyl-3,4-diphenyl-pyrrole, 2.6 mmoles of potassium-t-butylate and 3 mmoles (0.45 g) of neopentyl bromide in 6 ml of absolute DMSO are heated for 45 minutes to 130°-140° C. Following cooling, 100 ml H₂ O are added, acidification with dilute H₃ PO₄ and next double extraction with ether are carried out. The ether phases are washed with H₂ O, dried by means Na₂ SO₄, and concentrated. The product is isolated from the residue by column chromatography (Al₂ O₃, n-hexane/ether 9+1) and precipitated with ethanol (similarly to the case for 81h).

Yield: 0.31 g (51%).

Melting point: 132° C.

C₂₂ N₂₅ N (303.4) COMPUTED C 87.1 H 8.30 N 4.6.

MEASURED C 86.9 H 8.21 N 4.5.

IR: ν_(max=) 1605 (C═C) cm⁻¹.

MS: m/z (rel. Int.)=303 (89%, M⁺), 288 (9%, M⁺ -CH₃, 273.74), 247 (58%, M⁺ -C₄ H₈, 201.34), 246 (100%, 247-H).

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=1.02 (s, 9 H, --CH₃), 2.19 (s, 3 H, Pyr--CH₃), 3.66 (s, 2 H, >N--CH₂ --), 6.75 (s, 1 H, C-5), 7.06-7.33 (m, 10 H, Arom.).

                  TABLE 12                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR21##                                                                     EXAMPLE              MELTING POINT                                             Nr.      R           °C.    IR (CC)                                     ______________________________________                                         .sup.  81.sup.1)                                                                        CH.sub.3 81b                                                          82       C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                                         81c                1600                                      83       n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7                                                                       81d     80         1605                                      84       n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                       81e                1610                                      .sup.  85.sup.2)                                                                        n-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                                                                      81f                                                          .sup.  86.sup.2)                                                                        n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                                                                      81g                                                          87       iso-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                     81h    116         1605                                      ______________________________________                                          .sup.1) Tetrahedron Lett. 1969, 55, 4875-4878                                  Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1974, 22, 61-69                                             .sup.2) mixture with alkyl bromide; it is reacted without further              purification                                                             

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING THE 3-(5-METHYL-3,4-DIPHENYLPYRROLE-2-YL)-PROPIONIC-ACID METHYLESTERS

1 mmole of 2-methyl-3,4-diphenylpyrrole or of 1-alkyl-2-methyl-3,4-diphenylpyrrole 82b-i and 1.5 mmoles (0.13 g) of acrylic-acid methylester are dissolved in 4 ml of dichloroethane. Following addition of 0.06 ml of BF₃ -ethylether complex, the batch is stirred for 1 h at room temperature and after 15 minutes in each case again the same amounts of acrylic-acid methylester and BF₃ -ethylester complex are added. Then the batch is mixed with 50 ml of H₂ O and extraction with ether is performed twice. The ether phases are washed with H₂ O, dried by means of Na₂ SO₄ and concentrated. The product is isolated from the residue by column chromatography (Al₂ O₃, n-hexane/ether 1+4(82a) or 1+1 (82b,c) or 3+2 (remaining compounds)). After the eluate has been concentrated, an oil remains.

The compounds so obtained and several of their physical properties are listed in Table 13 below.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR THE SAPONIFICATION OF THE 3-5-METHYL-3,4-DIPHENYLPYRROLE-2-YL)-PROPIONIC-ACID METHYLESTERS

The solution of 0.4 mmoles of 3-(2-methyl-3,4-diphenylpyrrole-5-yl)-propionic-acid methylester 82a or 3-(1-alkyl-2-methyl-3,4-diphenylpyrrole--5-yl)-propionic-acid methylester 82b-i in 3 ml of ethanol is heated to boiling. 2 ml of 10% aqueous KOH previously degassed by boiling are dripped into the batch which then is heated with reflux for another 5 minutes. Following cooling, the batch is poured into 100 ml of 5% NaCl solution and is washed twice with 50 ml of ether. The aqueous phase is acidified with dilute H₃ PO₄ and extracted twice with 50 ml of ether. The ether phases are washed with 100 ml of H₂ O and dried by means of Na₂ SO₄. The solvent is distilled, and where called for the product is precipitated with hexane.

The compounds so obtained and several of their physical properties are shown in Table 14.

                  TABLE 13                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR22##                                                                     EXAMPLE                                                                        Nr.          R             IR (CO)                                             ______________________________________                                         89           H          82a    1730                                            90           CH.sub.3   82b    1740                                            91           C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                                           82c    1740                                            92           n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7                                                                         82d    1740                                            93           n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                         82e    1745                                            94           n-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                                                                        82f    1740                                            95           n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                                                                        82g    1740                                            96           iso-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                       82h    1740                                            97           Neopentyl  82i    1740                                            ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 14                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR23##                                                                     EXAMPLE             MELTING POINT                                              Nr.      R          °C.     IR (CO                                      ______________________________________                                          98      H           60            1710                                         99      CH.sub.3   108            1710                                        100      C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                                           157            1715                                        101      n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7                                                                         128            1705                                        102      n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                         >49° (dissoc.)                                                                         1715                                        104      n-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                                                                        --             1715                                        105      n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                                                                        --             1715                                        106      iso-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                        50            1715                                        107      Neopentyl   48            1710                                        ______________________________________                                    

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR THE N-ALKYLATION OF 5-METHYL-2,3-DIPHENYLPYRROLE

5 mmoles (1.17 g) of 5-methyl-2,3-diphenylpyrrole (AUST. J. CHEM. 1966, 19, pp 1871-1885), 5.5 mmoles of toluene sulfonic-acid methylester or of alkyl bromide and 1 mmole (032 g) of tetrabutyl ammonium bromide are mixed with 10 ml ether and 5 ml of 10% aqueous NaOH. The reaction henceforth is carried out in the manner of the procedure for the N-alkylation of 2-methyl-3,4-diphenylpyrrole.

The compounds so obtained and some of their physical properties are shown in Table 15.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING THE (5-METHYL-4,5-DIPHENYLPYRROLE-3-YL)-ACETIC-ACID ETHYLESTERS

2.5 mmoles of methyl-2,3-diphenylpyrrole (AUST. J. CHEM. 1966, 19, pp 1871-1885) or of 1-alkyl-5-methyl-2,3-diphenylpyrrole 84b-j, dissolved in 2 ml of absolute toluene, are reacted similarly to the procedure for preparing the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-acetic-acid ethylesters. Following column chromatography (silica gel, n-hexane/ether 1+1 in Example 117 or Al₂ O₃, n-hexane-ether 9+1 in the remaining compounds), the products are obtained in the form of oils.

The compounds so obtained and the infra-red data relation to them are shown in Table 16.

                  TABLE 15                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR24##                                                                     EXAMPLE                MELTING PT.                                             Nr.      R             °C.  IR (CC)                                     ______________________________________                                         108      CH.sub.3   84b    149       1605                                      109      C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                                           84c    68-69     1605                                      110      n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7                                                                         84d    --        1605                                      111      n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                         84e    --        1605                                      112      n-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                                                                        84f              1605                                      113      n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                                                                        84g              1605                                      114      n-C.sub.8 H.sub.17.sup.1)                                                                 84h                                                        115      iso-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                       84i    107       1600                                      116      Neopentyl  84j     89       1605                                      ______________________________________                                          .sup.1) mixture with nC.sub.8 H.sub.17 Br, reacted without further             purification                                                             

                  TABLE 16                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR25##                                                                     EXAMPLE                                                                        Nr.          R              IR (CO)                                            ______________________________________                                         117          H           85a    1730                                           118          CH.sub.3    85b    1740                                           119          C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                                            85c    1735                                           120          n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7                                                                          85d    1740                                           121          n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                          85e    1735                                           122          n-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                                                                         85f    1740                                           123          n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                                                                         85g    1740                                           124          n-C.sub.8 H.sub.17                                                                         85h    1740                                           125          iso-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                        85i    1735                                           126          Neopentyl   85j    1735                                           ______________________________________                                    

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR SAPONIFYING THE (2-METHYL-4,5-DIPHENYLPYRROLE-3-YL)-ACETIC-ACID ETHYLESTERS

The solution of 0.6 mmoles of (2-methyl-4,5-diphenylpyrrole-3-yl)-acetic-acid ethylester or of (1-alkyl-2-methyl-4,5-diphenylpyrrole-3-yl)-acetic-acid ethylester in 5 ml of ethanol is heated to boiling. Then 3 ml of 10% aqueous KOH previously degassed by boiling are dripped into the batch which is further heated for 1 h with reflux. Following cooling the batch is poured into 100 ml of 5% NaCl solution and the mixture is then acidified with 8% H₃ PO₄ and extracted three times with ether. The organic phases are dried by means of Na₂ SO₄ and concentrated. Production purification takes place by column chromatography (silica gel, 1st n-hexane/ether 1+1 in The Examples 127-131, or 2+1 in Examples 132-136, 2nd ether). The eluates are concentrated down to a few ml. After adding n-hexane and concentrating again, the product precipitates.

The compounds so obtained and their physical data are shown in Table 17.

                  TABLE 17                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR26##                                                                     EXAMPLE                 MELTING                                                Nr.       R             POINT °C.                                                                         IR (CO)                                      ______________________________________                                         127       H          86a    110     1710                                       128       CH.sub.3   86b    161     1710                                       129       C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                                           86c    177     1705                                       130       n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7                                                                         86d    172     1700                                       131       n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                         86e    129     1705                                       132       n-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                                                                        86f    121     1710                                       133       n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                                                                        86g    127     1710                                       134       n-C.sub.8 H.sub.17                                                                        86h     45     1715                                       135       iso-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                       86i    168     1710                                       136       Neopentyl  86j    163     1710                                       ______________________________________                                    

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING THE 6-ARYL-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINES OR THE 6-PHENYL -7-ARYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINES

20 mmoles of aromatics-substituted* or unsubstituted α-bromo-acetophe-none dissolved in 25 ml of CH₂ Cl₂ are mixed with the solution of 20 mmoles of unsubstituted or aromatics-substituted** resp. 2-benzyl-Δ1-pyrroline in 50 ml of ethanol and are stirred for 24 h at room temperature. Then 20 ml of saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution are added and the batch is stirred for another 24 h at room temperature. The batch is poured into 500 ml of 5% NaCl solution and is extracted three times each time with 100 ml of ether/CH₂ Cl₂ 3+1. The organic phases are dried by means of Na₂ SO₄ and processed in the manner discussed below.

A solution of 20 mmoles (3.2 g) of bromine in 10 ml of CH₂ Cl₂ is slowly dripped into the solution of 20 mmoles of 3-chloroacetophenone, 3,4-dimethoxyacetophenone, 3,4-dichloroacetophenone or 4-phenoxyacetophenone in 15 ml of CH₂ Cl₂ and 20 ml of dioxan. Thereupon the batch is mixed with 50 ml of CH₂ Cl₂ and carefully washed twice with 5% NaHCO₃ solution to remove the Hbr. The organic phase is dried by means of Na₂ SO₄ and concentrated. The residue is reacted directly as described above with 20 mmoles of 2-benzyl-Δ1-pyrroline.

The preparation is similar to that for 2-benzyl-Δ1-pyrroline (J. AMER. CHEM. SOC. 1932, 54, pp 3971-3976)

A Grignard reagent is prepared from 0.15 moles (3.6 g) of Mg and 0.15 moles (21.1 g) of methylbenzyl chloride in 150 ml of absolute ether. After dripping 0.15 moles (15.5 g) of 4-chlorobutyronitrile dissolved in 100 ml absolute ether into the batch, same is heated for 2 h to reflux. Next the ether is distilled and 200 ml of absolute xylene are added. After further boiling with reflux for 2 h, the batch is mixed with 100 ml of H₂ O while being ice-cooled and is acidified with dilute H₃ PO₄. The aqueous phase is made alkaline with concentrated NH₃ and ice-cooling and the generated precipitate is evacuated. The filtrate is extracted three times with 50 ml of CH₂ Cl₂ and the precipitate is washed with 100 of CH₂ Cl₂. The CH₃ Cl₂ solutions are combined, dried by means of Na₂ SO₄ and concentrated. The product is isolated from the last residue by distillation (boiling point 117° C. at 0.1 torr). Yield 3.7 g (14%). C₁₂ H₁₅ N (173.3). Ir:ν_(max) =1640 (C═N), 1605 (C═C)/cm.

4-methoxybenzyl magnesium chloride is prepared from 3.0 moles (72.9 g) of Mg and 0.15 moles (23.5 g) of 4-methoxybenzylchloride in 500 ml of absolute ether. The product is reacted further with 0.15 moles (15.5 g) of 4-chlorobutyronitrile and is purified by distillation (boiling point 142 C. at 0.1 torr). Yield 2.4 g (8%). C₁₂ H₁₅ NO (189.3). Ir: ν_(max) =1640 (C═N), 1610 (C═C)/cm.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING 3-(6-CHLOROPHENYL-AND 6-NITROPHENYL-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL)-PROPIONIC-ACID METHYLESTERS

4 mmoles of 6 chloro- or 6-nitrophenyl-7-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine and 6 mmoles (0.52 g) of acrylic-acid methylester are dissolved in 16 ml of absolute dichloroethane. After adding 0.24 ml of BF₃ ethylene complex, the batch is stirred for 1 h at room temperature, and the same amounts of acrylic-acid methylester and BF₃ ethylether complex are added in each case again after 15 minutes. Thereupon the batch is poured into 100 ml of 10% NaCl solution and is extracted twice with ether/CH₂ Cl₂ 3+1. The organic phases are dried by means of Na₂ SO₄ and concentrated. The residue then is processed in the manner discussed below.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR SAPONIFYING THE 3-(6-CHLOROPHENYL-AND 6-NITROPHENYL-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-6-YL)-PROPIONIC-ACID METHYLESTERS

The solution of 1 mmole of the corresponding pyrrolizinyl-propionic-acid methylester in 10 ml of ethanol is heated to boiling. 5 ml of 10% aqueous KOH solution previous degassed is dripped into the batch which is then heated another 5 minutes with reflux. Following cooling the batch is poured into 100 ml of 5% NaCl solution and acidified with 8% H₃ PO₄ and extracted three times with ether/CH₂ Cl₂ 3+1. The organic phases are dried by means of Na₂ SO₄, concentrated, and processed in the manner described above.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR THE VILSMEIER FORMYLATION OF AROMATICS-SUBSTITUTED 6,7-DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINES

6 mmoles of the corresponding pyrrolizine dissolved in 6 ml of absolute benzene are reacted with 18 mmoles (1.32 g) of absolute DMF and 6 mmoles (0.92 g) of POCl₃ similarly to the procedure for the Vilsmeier formylation of the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizines.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING AROMATICS-SUBSTITUTED 6,7-DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYROLLIZINYL-ACRYLIC-ACID ETHYLESTERS

2.5 mmoles of the corresponding carbaldehyde dissolved in 5 ml of absolute CH₂ Cl₂ are reacted with the solution of 2.5 mmoles (1.08 g) of ethoxycarbonyl-methyltriphenyl-phosphonium bromide in 4 ml of absolute ethanol and with a solution of Na-ethanolate prepared from 7.5 mmoles (0.17 g) of sodium and 3 ml of absolute ethanol in a manner similar to the procedure for preparing the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl-acrylic-acid ethylesters.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR SAPONIFYING AROMATICS-SUBSTITUTED 3-(6-7-DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL)-ACRYLIC-ACID ETHYLESTERS.

1.2 mmoles of the corresponding pyrrolizinyl-acrylic-acid ethylesters dissolved in 50 ml of ethanol are reacted with 10 ml of aqueous KOH similarly to the procedure for saponifying the 3-(diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-5-yl)-acrylic-acid ethylesters.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR HYDROGENATING AROMATICS-SUBSTITUTED 3-(6,7-DIPHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL) ACRYLIC ACIDS

0.9 mmoles of the corresponding pyrrolizinyl acrylic acid are dissolved in 30 ml of absolute THF. After adding 10 ml of absolute ethanol and a spatula tip-ful of PtO₂ (alternatively, palladium also may be used), hydrogenation is carried out in the autoclave for about 4 h at 15 bars. Several times a spatula tip-ful of fresh PtO₂ (or palladium) is added. Upon complete reaction (thin-layer chromatography: silica gel, THF), the catalyst is evacuated, the solvent is distilled and the product is isolated.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR SPLITTING THE ARYLMETHYLETHERS

0.5 mmoles of the corresponding methyl compound dissolved in 5 ml of absolute CH₂ Cl₂ are dripped into the solution of 0.20 ml of BBr₃ in 3 ml of absolute CH₂ Cl₂ at -80° C. The mixture is allowed to rise to room temperature in about 8 h. After adding 30 ml of H₂ O, extraction is carried out three times with ether. The organic phases are washed twice with a saturated NaCl solution, dried by means of Na₂ SO₄ and are processed.

The compounds so obtained and their physical properties are shown in the Tables 18 through 27 below.

                  TABLE 18                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR27##                                                                     EXAMPLE                       MELT. PT.                                        Nr.       R.sub.meta                                                                            R.sub.para                                                                            R'.sub.para                                                                          °C.                                                                              IR (CC)                                 ______________________________________                                         138       Cl     H      H              1600                                    .sup.  139.sup.1)                                                                        H      Cl     H                                                      140       NO.sub.2                                                                              H      H     117      1605                                    141       H      NO.sub.2                                                                              H     132      1595                                    142       H      H      CI    156      1605                                    ______________________________________                                          .sup.1) Chemiker-Zeitung 1986, 110, 267-271                              

                  TABLE 19                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR28##                                                                     EXAMPLE                      MELTING PT.                                       Nr.      R.sub.meta                                                                            R.sub.para                                                                            R'.sub.para                                                                          °C.                                                                               IR (CO)                                 ______________________________________                                         143      Cl     H      H     99        1735                                    144      H      Cl     H     98        1730                                    145      NO.sub.2                                                                              H      H               1740                                    146      H      NO.sub.2                                                                              H               1740                                    147      H      H      Cl    111       1730                                    ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 20                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR29##                                                                     EXAMPLE                       MELT. PT.                                        Nr.       R.sub.meta                                                                            R.sub.para                                                                            R'.sub.para                                                                          °C.                                                                              IR (CO)                                 ______________________________________                                         143       Cl     H      H     99       1735                                    144       H      Cl     H     98       1730                                    145       NO.sub.2                                                                              H      H              1740                                    146       H      NO.sub.2                                                                              H              1740                                    147       H      H      Cl    111      1730                                    ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 21                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR30##                                                                     EXAMPLE                  MELT. PT.  IR                                         Nr.      R               °C. (CO)                                       ______________________________________                                         153      H                          1605                                                                           (CC)                                       154      CHO             >84        1650                                       155      CHCHCOOC.sub.2 H.sub.5 (E)                                                                     122        1715                                       156      CHCHCOOH (E)    229        1660                                       157      (CH.sub.2).sub.2 COOH                                                                          157        1710                                       ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 22                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR31##                                                                                                     MELT.                                          EXAMPLE                         PT.                                            Nr.      R.sub.meta                                                                             R.sub.para                                                                              R'.sub.para                                                                          °C.                                                                            OR (CC)                                 ______________________________________                                         158      CH.sub.3                                                                               H        H            1605                                    159      H       CH.sub.3 H            1605                                    160      OCH.sub.3                                                                              H        H            1605                                    .sup.  161.sup.1)                                                                       H       OCH.sub.3                                                                               H                                                    .sup.  162.sup.1)                                                                       OCH.sub.3                                                                              OCH.sub.3                                                                               H                                                    .sup.  163.sup.2)                                                                       H       OC.sub.6 H.sub.5                                                                        H                                                    164      Cl      Cl       H     119    1605                                    165      H       H        CH.sub.3                                                                             104    1610                                    166      H       H        OCH.sub.3    1605                                    ______________________________________                                          .sup.1) Chemiker-Zeitung 1986 110, 267-271                                     .sup.2) the product is impure; it is made to react without further             purification                                                             

                  TABLE 23                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR32##                                                                                                    MELT.                                           EXAMPLE                        PT.                                             Nr.      R.sub.meta                                                                             R.sub.para                                                                              R'.sub.para                                                                         °C.                                                                             IR (CO                                  ______________________________________                                         167      CH.sub.3                                                                               H        H    128     1645                                    168      H       CH.sub.3 H    142     1645                                    169      OCH.sub.3                                                                              H        H    117     1635                                    .sup.  170.sup.1)                                                                       H       OCH.sub.3                                                                               H                                                    .sup.  171.sup.1)                                                                       OCH.sub.3                                                                              OCH.sub.3                                                                               H                                                    172      H       OC.sub.6 H.sub.5                                                                        H    135     1635                                    173      Cl      Cl       H    162     1640                                    174      H       H        CH.sub.3                                                                            102     1645                                    ______________________________________                                          .sup.1) Chemiker-Zeitung 1986 110, 267-271                               

                  TABLE 24                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR33##                                                                                                    MELT.                                           EXAMPLE                        PT.                                             Nr.      R.sub.meta                                                                             R.sub.para                                                                              R'.sub.para                                                                         °C.                                                                             IR (CO)                                 ______________________________________                                         175      CH.sub.3                                                                               H        H    142     1710                                    176      H       CH.sub.3 H    158     1710                                    177      OCH.sub.3                                                                              H        H    119     1710                                    178      H       OCH.sub.3                                                                               H    164     1705                                    179      OCH.sub.3                                                                              OCH.sub.3                                                                               H    133     1705                                    180      H       OC.sub.6 H.sub.5                                                                        H    173     1705                                    181      Cl      Cl       H    122     1715                                    182      H       H        CH.sub.3                                                                            222     1705                                    ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 25                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR34##                                                                                                    MELTING                                         EXAMPLE                        PT.                                             Nr.      R.sub.meta                                                                             R.sub.para                                                                              R'.sub.para                                                                         °C.                                                                             IR (CO)                                 ______________________________________                                         183      CH.sub.3                                                                               H        H    216     1660                                    184      H       CH.sub.3 H    221     1680                                    185      OCH.sub.3                                                                              H        H    205     1670                                    186      H       OCH.sub.3                                                                               H    216     1675                                    187      OCH.sub.3                                                                              OCH.sub.3                                                                               H    216     1660                                    188      H       OC.sub.6 H.sub.5                                                                        H    221     1660                                    189      Cl      Cl       H    229     1660                                    190      H       H        CH.sub.3                                                                            118     1665                                    ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 26                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR35##                                                                                                    MELT.                                           EXAMPLE                        PT.                                             Nr.      R.sub.meta                                                                             R.sub.para                                                                              R'.sub.para                                                                         °C.                                                                             IR (CO)                                 ______________________________________                                         191      CH.sub.3                                                                               H        H    125     1710                                    192      H       CH.sub.3 H    122     1710                                    193      OCH.sub.3                                                                              H        H    111     1710                                    194      H       OCH.sub.3                                                                               H     73     1710                                    195      OCH.sub.3                                                                              OCH.sub.3                                                                               H    152     1725                                    196      OH      H        H     87     1710                                    197      H       OH       H    187     1700                                    198      OH      OH       H     76     1710                                    199      H       OC.sub.6 H.sub.5                                                                        H    178     1705                                    200      Cl      Cl       H    144     1710                                    201      H       H        CH.sub.3                                                                            182     1705                                    ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 27                                                         ______________________________________                                          ##STR36##                                                                                                 MELT.                                              EXAMPLE                     PT.                                                Nr.      R           R.sub.para                                                                            °C.                                                                            IR (CO)                                     ______________________________________                                         202      H           Cl     118    1605 (CC)                                   203      (CH.sub.2).sub.2 COOCH                                                                     Cl     113    1735                                        204      (CH.sub.2).sub.2 COOH.sub.3                                                                Cl     207    1710                                        ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 205 2,2-DIMETHYL-6-(4-FLUORO)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE(1v)

20 mmoles of α-chlorine-4-fluoroacetophenone dissolved in 25 ml of CH₂ Cl₂ are mixed with the solution of 20 mmoles of 2-benzyl-4,4-dimethyl-Δ1-pyrroline 25 ml of ethanol and the batch is stirred for 24 h at a bath temperature of 70° C. Thereupon 20 ml of saturated aqueous NAHCO₃ solution is added and agitation continues for another 24 h at the same temperature. The batch is poured into 500 ml of 5% NaCl solution and is then extracted three times each time with 100 ml of ether/CH₂ Cl₂ 3+1. The organic phases are dried by means of Na₂ SO₄. The product is precipitated by column chromatography (Al₂ O₃, n-hexane/ether 9+1) in the form of an oil

Yield 3.1 g (51%).

C₂₁ H₂₀ FN (305.4).

IR: ν_(max) =1605 (C═C) cm⁻¹.

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=1.28 (s, 6H, --CH₃), 2.78 (s, 2H, C-1), 3.71 (s, 2H, C-3), 6.64 (s, 1H, C-5), 6.75-7.60 (m, 9H, Arom.).

EXAMPLE 206 2,2-DIMETHYL-6-(4-FLUORO)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLOZINE-5-YL-CARBALDEHYDE (6v)

19 mmoles of iv dissolved in 9 ml of absolute benzene are reacted with 27 mmoles (1.97 g) of absolute DMF and 9 mmoles (1.38 g) of POCl₃ in a manner similar to the Vilsmeier formylation of the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolines. Purification is by means of column chromatography (silica gel, n-hexane/ether 2+1). When the eluates are concentrated, the product precipitates.

Yield: 0.9 g (30%)

Melting point: 186° C.

C₂₂ H₂₀ FNO (333.4).

IR: ν_(max) =1645 (C═O), 1610 (C═C) cm⁻¹.

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=1.33 (s, 6H, --CH₃), 2.83 (s, 2H, C-1), 4.18 (s, 2H, C-3), 6.90-7.44 (m, 9H, Arom.), 9.38 (s, 1H, --CHO).

EXAMPLE 207 3-(2,2-DIMETHYL-6-(4-FLUORO-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL)-ACRYLIC-ACID ETHYLESTERS (34v)

2 mmoles of 6v dissolved in 15 ml of absolute CH₂ Cl₂ are reacted with the solution of 2 mmoles (0.86 g) of ethoxycarbonyl methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide in 4 ml of absolute ethanol and a solution of Na-ethanolate prepared from 6 mmoles (0.14 g) sodium and 3 ml absolute ethanol in a manner similar to the procedure for preparing the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl acrylic-acid ethylester. Purification is by column chromatography (silica gel, CH₂ Cl₂). After the eluates have been concentrated, the product remains in the form of a foam.

Yield: 0.33 g (41%).

Melting point: 152° C.

C₂₆ H₂₆ FNO₂ (403.5).

IR: ν_(max) =1715 (C═O), 1620 (C═C) cm⁻¹.

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=1.27 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz, --O--CH₂ --CH₃), 1.33 (s, 6H, --CH₃), 2.86 (s, 2H, C-1), 4.00 (s, 2H, C-3), 4.19 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz, --O--CH₂ --CH₃), 5.90 (AB, 1H, J=16.4 Hz, ═CH--CO--), 6.87-7.34 (m, 9H, Arom.), 7.48 (AB, 1H, J=16.4 Hz, Pyr--CH═).

EXAMPLE 208 3-(2,2-DIMETHYL-6(4-FLUORO)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL) ACRYLIC-ACID (35v)

0.6 mmoles of 34v dissolved in 30 ml of ethanol are reacted with 6 ml of 10% aqueous KOH in a manner similar to the saponification of the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl acrylic-acid esters.

Yield 0.20 g(89%.

Melting point: 242° C.

IR: ν_(max) =3300-2200 (OH), 1685, 1670 (C═O), 1600 (C═C) cm⁻¹.

¹ H-NMR (d₆ -DMSO): δ(ppm)=1.27 (s, 6H, --CH₃), 2.84 (s, 2H, C-1), 4.06 (s, 2H, C-3), 5.92 (AB, 1H, J=16.4 Hz, ═CH--CO--), 6.87-7.41 (m, 9H, Arom. and Pyr--CH═).

EXAMPLE 209 3-(2,2-DIMETHYL-6-(FLUORO)-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL)-PROPIONIC ACID (27v)

0.3 mmoles of 27v are reacted int he manner of the procedure for hydrogenating the aromatics-substituted 3-(6,7-diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-5-yl)-acrylic-acids. Palladium is used as the catalyst. The product is precipitated by means of hexane.

Yield: 0.08 g (71%).

Melting point: 182° C.

C₂₄ H₂₄ FNO₂ (377.5): COMPUTED: C 76.4; H 6.41; N 3.7. MEASURED: C 75.8; H 6.56; N 3.3.

IR: ν_(max) =3300-2400 (OH), 1710 (C═O), 1605 (C═C) cm⁻¹.

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=1.30 (s, 6H, --CH₃), 2.28-2.58 (m, 2H, --CH₂ --CO--), 2.73-3.03 (m, 2H, Pyr--CH₂ --), 2.81 (s, 2H, C-1), 3.68 (s, 2H, C-3), 6.76-7.28 (m, 9H, Arom.).

EXAMPLE 210 2,2-DIMETHYL-6-(4-PHENOXYPHENOL)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE (1w)

20 mmoles of 2 benzyl-4,4-dimethyl-δ1-[pyrroline 1b₃ are reacted with 20 mmoles of α-bromo-4-chloroacetophenone in 50 ml of ethanol similarly to the procedure for preparing the 6-aryl-7-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizines. Purification is by column chromatography (Al₂ O₃, n-hexane/ether 9+1). Following concentration of the eluates, 1w remains in the form of oil

Yield: 2.7 g(36%).

C₂₇ H₂₅ NO (379.5).

IR: ν_(max) =1605 und 1595 (C═C) cm⁻¹.

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=1.28 (s, 6H, --CH₃), 2.78 (s, 2H, C-1), 3.71 (s, 2H, C-3), 6.65 (s, 1H, C-5), 6.78-7.57 (m, 14H, Arom.).

EXAMPLE 211 2,2-DIMETHYL-6-(4-PHENOXYPHENYL)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL-CARBALDEHYDE (6w)

5 mmoles of 1w dissolved in 6 ml of absolute benzene are reacted with 18 mmoles (1.32 g) of absolute DMF and 6 mmoles (0.92 g) of POCl₃ similarly to the procedure for the Vilsmeier formylation of the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizines. Purification is by column chromatography (silica gel, CH₂ Cl₂). The product is precipitated by ethanol.

Yield: 0.94 g (38%).

Melting point: 139° C.

C₂₈ H₂₅ NO₂ (407.5).

IR: ν_(max) =1645 (C═O), 1605 und 1590 (C═C)cm⁻¹.

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=1.30 (s, 6H, --CH₃), 2.81 (s, 2H, C-1), 4.17 (s, 2H, C-3), 6.84-7.47 (m, 14H, Arom.), 9.40 (s, 1H, --CHO).

EXAMPLE 212 3-(2,2-DIMETHYL-6-(4-PHENOXYPHENYL)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL)-ACRYLIC-ACID ETHYLESTERS (34w)

2 mmoles of 6w dissolved in 5 ml of absolute CH₃ Cl₂ are reacted with the solution of 2 mmoles (0.86 g) of ethoxycarbonyltrimethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide in 4 ml of absolute ethanol and a solution of Na-ethanolate prepared from 6 mmoles (0.14 g) of sodium and 3 ml of absolute ethanol in a manner similar to the procedure for preparing the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl acrylic-acid esters. Purification is by column chromatography (silica gel, CH₂ Cl₂). The product remains in the form of foam after the eluates have been concentrated.

Yield: 0.33 g (35%).

Melting point: from 69° C.

C₃₂ H₃₁ NO₃ (477.6).

IR; ν_(max) =1705 (C═O), 1610 (C═C) cm⁻¹.

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=1.28 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz, --O--CH₂ --CH₃), 1.33 (s, 6H, --CH₃), 2.86 (s, 2H, C-1), 4.00 (s, 2H, C-3), 4.19 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz, --O--CH₂ --CH₃), 5.92 (AB, 1H, J=16 Hz, ═CH--CO--), 6.83-7.44 (m, 14H, Arom.), 7.56 (AB, 1H, J=16 Hz, Pyr--CH═).

EXAMPLE 213 3-(2,2-DIMETHYL-6-(4-PHENOXYPHENYL)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL) ACRYLIC ACID 935w)

0.6 mmoles of 34w dissolved in 30 ml of ethanol are reacted with 6 ml of 10% aqueous KOH n a manner similar to the procedure for saponifying the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-5-yl acrylic-acid ethylesters.

Yield: 0.23 g (85%).

Melting point: 198° C.

C₃₀ h₂₇ NO₃ (449.5) COMPUTED C 80.2; H 6.05; N 3.1. MEASURED C 79.9; H 6.07; N 2.7.

IR: ν_(max) =3300-2200 (OH), 1675 (C═O), 1590 (C═C) cm⁻¹.

¹ H-NMR (d₆ -DMSO): δ(ppm)=1.27 (s, 6H, --CH₃), 2.83 (s, 2H, C-1), 4.06 (s, 2H, C-3), 5.92 (AB, 1H, J=16.2 Hz, ═CH--CO--), 6.86-7.57 (m, 15H, Arom. and Pyr--CH═).

EXAMPLE 214 3-(2,2-DIMETHYL-6-(4-PHENOXYPHENYL)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL) PROPIONIC ACID (27w)

0.3 mmoles of 35w are reacted in the manner of the procedure for hydrogenating the aromatics-substituted 3-(6,7-diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-5-yl) acrylic acids. Palladium is used as the catalyst. The product is precipitated by n-hexane.

Yield: 0.10 g (74%).

Melting point: 149° C.

C₃₀ H₂₉ NO₃ (451.6; COMPUTED; C 79.8; H 6.47; N 3.1. MEASURED; C 79.5; H 6.61; N 2.7.

IR: ν_(max) =3300-2400 (OH), 1710 (C═O), 1605 and 1595 (C═C)cm⁻¹.

¹ H-NMR: δ(ppm)=1.29 (s, 6H, --CH₃), 2.34-2.63 (m, 2H, --CH₂ --CO--), 2.77-3.06 (m, 2H, Pyr--CH₂ --), 2.83 (s, 2H, C-1), 3.69 (s, 2H, C-3), 6.85-7.47 (m, 14H, Arom.).

EXAMPLE 215 2-(2,2-DIMETHYL-6-(4-PHENOXYPHENYL)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL) PROPIONIC-ACID ETHYLESTERS (54a)

2.5 mmoles of 6-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine 1w dissolved in 3 ml of absolute toluene are reacted with 4 mmoles (0.51 g) of 2-diazopropionic-acid ethylester dissolved in 3 ml of absolute toluene in a manner similar to the procedure for preparing the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl acetic-acid ethylesters["s.S."201]. Isolation is by means of column chromatography (Al₂ O₃, n-hexane-/ether 9+1). The oily product (0.45 g) remaining after concentration of the eluates is impure. It is reacted further without additional purification.

EXAMPLE 216 2-(2,2-DIMETHYL-6-(4-PHENOXYPHENYL)-7-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLIZINE-5-YL) PROPIONIC ACID (56a)

The impure 54a (0.45 g) dissolved in 10 ml of ethanol is reacted with 5 ml of 10% aqueous KOH in a manner similar to the saponification procedure for the diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizinyl acetic-acid ethylesters. The time of saponification is 90 minutes. Purification is by column chromatography (silica gel, diisopropylether).

Yield: 90 mg.

Melting point: 186° C.

C₃₀ H₂₉ NO₃ (451.6).

IR: ν_(max) =3300-2400 (OH), 1710 (C═O), 1605 and 1595 (C═C) cm⁻¹.

1H-NMR: δ(ppm)=1.23 (s, 3H--CH₃), 1.32 (s, 3H, --CH₃), 1.48 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz, CH₃ --CH<), 2.72, 2.91 (AB, 2H, J=15.5 Hz, C-1), 3.81 (s, 2H, C-3), 3.96 (z, 1H, J=7 Hz, --CH<), 6.81-7.50 (m, 10H, Arom.). 

We claim:
 1. A substituted pyrrolizine compound of the formula (I): ##STR37## as well as the pharmaceutically compatible salts or esters thereof; wherein two of the residues R³ and R⁴ and R⁵ independently from one another represent a phenyl or naphthyl group wherein at least one of said phenyl or naphthyl groups is substituted by one or two residues selected from a halogen atoms, a nitro-, a C₁ -C₄ alkoxy-, a hydroxy, a C₁ -C₄ alkyl- or phenoxy-group and wherein the third of the residues R³, R⁴ and R⁵ denotes CO₂ H, --COSC₁ -C₄ --alkyl or A-X, with A being a straight chain or a branched C₁ -C₈ -alkylene group which may be interrupted by an oxygen heteroatom or a carbonyl group or said A being a C₂ -C₈ alkenylene group with the proviso that A is not --CH₂ --when X is OH; and said X being CO₂ H, SO₃ H, CHO, OH or SH; and R6 and R⁷ independently form one another represent a hydrogen atom or a C₁ -C₄ alkyl group.
 2. The compound defined in claim 1 wherein two of the residues R³, R⁴ and R⁵ represent a phenyl group, and at least one of said phenyl groups is substituted by one or two residues selected from a halogen atom, a C₁ -C₄ alkyl, C₁ -C₄ alkoxy-,hydroxy-, phenoxy and nitro group and the third residue represent A-X, whereby A denotes a C₁ -C₈ alkylene group or a C₂ -C₈ alkenylene group and X represent CO₂ H.
 3. The compound of claim 2 wherein he halogen is fluorine or chlorine.
 4. The compound defined in claim 1 having the formula: ##STR38## wherein R⁶ and R⁷ denote a hydrogen atom or a C₁ -C₄ -alkyl group, R³ and R⁴ independently from one another represent a phenyl group which may be substituted by a halogen atom, A represents a C₁ -C₈ -alkyl group and X represents CO₂ H.
 5. The compound defined in claim 4 where R³ and R⁴ independently from one another represent a phenyl group or a p-chlorophenyl group and where AX represents CH₂ CO₂ H.
 6. The compound defined in claim 5 where R⁶ and R⁷ represent a C₁ -C₄ -alkyl group.
 7. The compound of claim 6 wherein R⁶ and R⁷ are a methyl group.
 8. A pharmaceutical composition containing at least one compound defined in claim 1 together with an effective amount of conventional pharmaceutically-compatible inactive substances and/or additives. 